Я вас любил

chitaemvmeste:

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Я вас любил: любовь ещё, быть может,
В душе моей угасла не совсем;
Но пусть она вас больше не тревожит;
Я не хочу печалить вас ничем.
Я вас любил безмолвно, безнадежно,
То робостью, то ревностью томим;
Я вас любил так искренно, так нежно,
Как дай вам бог любимой быть другим.

— Александр Сергеевич Пушкин, 

Я вас любил: любовь ещё, быть может,

I you loved: love still be may - One can say both “я любил вас” and “я вас любил”, and stress always falls on the last word. So here the most important thing is the verb. “Вас” is the Accusative form of “вы” as we can put a question “loved whom?” By “вас” he means a woman. And he does not say “тебя", as in the XIX century it was unapropriate to call “ты” not a member of your family.  About “быть может”. It’s the same as “может быть” - “may be”. Poetry often uses inversion (the wrong word order) for the sake of rythm and stressing out the proper words.

В душе моей угасла не совсем;

In soul my has blown out not at all - Here we see the inversion again. The basic Russian everyday life word-order would be: “В моей душе не совсем угасла”. Pushkin keeps on stressing out the most important words - “угасла”, “не совсем”. “Угаснуть” - is a perfect form of the verb “гаснуть”. It is usually used with nouns connected with light and fire. To die out, to blow out. To stop giving light. So what is it about? In the first line there was “любовь”, and now it is “угасла”. But then we have “не совсем”, which is not at all, not yet. So the poet compares love with fire, and says, that the love is not as strong as before, but there is still some love glowing in his soul. “В душе моей”/”в моей душе” is a Prepositional construction, as we can ask where? где? 

Но пусть она вас больше не тревожит;

But let she you anymore disturb - Let’s start with “пусть”. It can be translated as “let”, but not in the meaning of “to allow”, but like in “let it be”, “let it snow”. Then we see “она”. Who is she? The woman he adresses this poem to is already called “вы”. Она here is love. The word любовь is a feminine noun, that’s why in poetry love is often portrayed as a woman. “Больше не” is easy, it’s always “anymore” in negative sentences. “Больше” is “more”, in case you don’t know yet. “Тревожить” is to disturb, to cause worry. It is used in present tense here. So the meaning of this line is something like: “But my love should not disturb you anymore”.

Я не хочу печалить вас ничем.

I don’t want to sadden you with anything - this must be pretty clear. “Печалить” is to sadden, to make somebody sad. He always uses “вы” in Accusative, because we can ask whom? I’ve already said that. “Ничем” is an Instrumental case form of “ничто” - nothing. We can put a question “by what?” or “with what?” - чем?

Я вас любил безмолвно, безнадёжно,

I you loved silently, hopelessly - Here we see the repetition of the first line, such repetition of the beginning of sentences is called anaphora. I would say, that it’s even better to translate it not as “I loved you”, but “I used to love you”. The word “безмолвно” is very high-style and old-fashioned. “Молвить” is an archaic variant of a word “говорить” - to speak, it can be seen only in literature nowadays. The prefix “без” means absolutely the same as the preposition “без” - without. So “безмолвно” is “without saying anything”. The word “надёжно” means “reliably” in Russian, but you can notice similar root as in the word “надежда” - hope. In Russian all these words are related. So “безнадёжно” is ‘hopelessly”.

To poбостью, то ревностью томим;

Now with timidity, now with jealousy languished - то…то is a phrase that shows instability. At one moment it’s timidity, at another it’s already jealousy. We have a special idiom - “то понос [diarrhea], то золотуха [scrofula]”, that means that something bad happens all the time, and you never get out of trouble. The words “робость” and “ревность” are also used in Instrumental case (languished with what?). “Томим” is a passive form of the verb “томиться”. It is rarely used in speech. But we often use “утомить”, “утомительный” - to tire, tiring. We do not have a subject in this line, but it is a continuation of the previous one, where the subject is I, so he keeps talking about himself in the past, when he used to love.

Я вас любил так искренно, так нежно,

I you loved so sincerely, so tenderly - The only thing I want to comment here is the ending of the word “искренно” - in modern Russian we say “искренне” - sincerely, genuinely, honestly.

Как дай вам бог любимой быть другим.

As let you the god loved be by another - Here is inversion again. The grammatically correct word-order is: “Как дай бог вам быть любимой другим”“Дай бог” - is just a standard phrase, meaning “with the God’s blessing”. It is so frequently used, that it does not even matter now, whether you believe in God or not. It just expresses your wish for something to happen. And what does the author wish here? “быть любимой другим” - to be loved by another [man]. “Любимая” is not an adjective here, it’s a passive participle, and it has the same case as the noun it conforms. We ask - to be loved by whom? It’s Instrumental. And the word “любимой” is also in Instrumental case.

So in the end the poet surrenders and though his love is still glowing in his soul, he does not want to make his woman suffer, as she clearly does not love him back. He remembers what emotions this love gave to him, and now he wishes to move on and wants her to be happy with someone else who could love her as deeply as he did.

[Posted Май 26th, 2016 at 12:11 PM]
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